Base and index numbers pdf

When dialing 9372579111, you will reach 911 on wpafb. See how it is done in this little demonstration press play. Index numberseconomists frequently use index numbers when making comparisons over time. What does base year mean and how does it influence. The base period of an index can be changed by dividing each periods value by the desired base period value, and then multiplying by its base scale e. How to use the consumer price index for escalation. There are different ways of construction of index numbers for instance simple and weighted. Pdf index numbers are used to aggregate detailed information on prices and. How to work with index numbers, chain base index numbers and weighted index numbers. Index numbers presented by deepak khandelwal prakash gupta.

It will help you understand how all these different bases work. Likewise in 2 3 is the base and 4 is defined as the index. It should be clear how to modify these procedures to other bases. The color of art pigment database is a free resource of pigment information for all artists. If we evaluate the expression 1 using base 10 arithmetic, we can convert form base. Most business and economic indexes are computed to the nearest whole. Furthermore, the simple method is classified into simple aggregative and simple relative. A composite index number is a number that measures an average relative changes in a group of relative variables with respect to a base.

Index number theory and construction of cpi for complete micro data. We represent the basic concepts of index numbers as an easy reference for experts in statistical offices. This should include the population coverage cpiu or cpiw, area coverage u. An index number is a figure reflecting price or quantity compared with a base value. Circular error in price index numbers based on scanner. In fact, it is typical statistical agency practice to pick a basket that pertains to an entire year or. An index number is an economic data figure reflecting price or quantity compared with a standard or base value. Of index numbers index numbers are names after the activity they measure. Index numbers definitions an index number is a percentage ratio of prices, quantities or values comparing two time periods or two points in time. Time series data are expressed in terms of index numbers. To see the change from 2010 and onwards, 2010 is set as a base year, which means that the value of the index in 2010 is 100. Given that at that time the simple index value based on the old base period was 410. The base usually equals 100 and the index number is usually expressed as 100 times the ratio to the base value.

These numbers are for emergencies only for ambulance, fire department or security forces response, dial 911 from a government phone. The definition of base year might seem simple, but the base year rate is calculated in different ways depending on what kind of lease you are signing. In subsequent years, percentage increases push the index number above 100, and percentage decreases push the figure below 100. June 00 sept 00 dec 00 mar 01 june 01 series 1 100 106 1 series 2 100 104 109 the index for the june quarter 2001 relative to the june quarter in 2001 as the base period is.

Here is a list of frequently requested base telephone. In all countries national accountants produce estimates of gross domestic product and its components at current prices and constant prices over lengthy time periods. Construction of price index numbers formula and examples 5. Basic index number theory international monetary fund. If all the values are of equal importance, the index numbers are called. The preceding table shows that 1970 is the base period and 1980 is the year for which the price index has been constructed on the basis of price relatives. For example, if a commodity costs twice as much in 1970 as it did in 1960, its index number would be 200 relative to 1960. A simple index number measures the relative change in one or more than one variable an index number measures the relative. The color of art pigment database, an artists paint and. Similarly, the weighted method is classified into weighted aggregative and weighted average or relative. If we want to get the index number of prices of2009 relative to that of 2005, we calculate the ratios of 2009 prices to 2005 prices for each product that the economy produces, then average of all those ratios is obtained. In a fullservice or modified gross lease, tenants pay only base rent for the first year of the occupancy period, while the landlord pays for all the buildings operating expenses.

Index numbers and types of index numbers emathzone. Index numbers in economics explained economics tutor2u. Instead of choosing the basket of period 0 or 1 or an average of these two baskets, it is possible to choose a basket that pertains to an entirely different period, say, period b. Index numbers are important in economic statistics. Index numbers, stochastic, test and economic approaches to index number theory, hedonic regr ess ions, bilateral index number theory, multilateral indexes, fixed base versus chained indexes. Index numbers make a comparison between a value quantity or price in the current period and the corresponding value in a base period. As stated above, the index numbers were rebased in april of the year shown. The index number is then expressed as 100 times the ratio to the base value.

For onbase response from a cell phone or commercial line, dial 9372579111. For example, to change the base period of the following index from 1985 to 1990, each value is divided by 1178 and then multiplied by. A chain index is an index number in which the value of any given period is related to the value of its immediately preceding period resulting in an index for the given period expressed against the preceding period 100. The base used in the current work taken as the arithmetic mean of given set of quantitiesprices for estimating pricequantity index numbers. Measure changes in price over a specified period of. These numbers are values stated as a percentage of a single base figure. Because the base period for the index numbers in table 16. In this paper, we have used a new algorithm to find index number using a generalized base. Index numbers are a useful way of expressing economic data time series and comparing contrasting information. The following types of index numbers are usually used. Index numbers, stochastic, test and economic approaches to index number theory, hedonic regressions, bilateral index number theory, multilateral indexes, fixed base versus chained indexes.

In simple terms, an index or index number is a number displaying the level of a variable relative to its level set equal to 100 in a. Price index in 1980 prices in 1980 prices in 1970 x 100. To illustrate the computation of the simple price index for 1981, using 1980 as the base year, from equation 16. In this paragraph, a price index pp0,p1,q0,q1 along with the corresponding quantity index or volume index qp0,p1,q0,q1 is defined to be two. In the vast majority of situations covered by index numbers, the price and quantity relatives turn out to be negatively correlated so that laspeyres indices tend. Unitv index numbers, time series and forecasting index numbers. To convert a fixed base to a new fixed base each old index is divided by the index of new base sought multiplied by 100. The recorded simple index number at that time point was 350.

Index numbers are intended to measure the degree of economic changes over time. Chain error is a norm of all proper index numbers formulas except lowe, jevons and their. We use your linkedin profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. Consumer price index numbers for agricultural labourers.

It can be illustrated with the help of following problem. Fixed and chain base index numbers and their relative merits have been considered extensively in the literature. We compare the base and the chain strategy using several known index. In this section, we consider how to convert from base 10 to base 2. Index numbers are actually percentages because they are based on the number 100. Most business and economic indexes are computed to the nearest whole number, such as 214 or 96, or to the nearest tenth of a percent, such as 83. The practical difficulties in the way of constructing price index numbers, and therefore, in measuring changes in the value of money are as follows. Two price index series have been derived as follows. By extension, a 3 axaxa and in general, a m axato m factors. The current base period for the consumer price index is 1992 100, changed from 1986 100 in january 1998.

Basic index number theory 371 approaches are also possible. Introduction each individual consumes the services of thousands of commodities over a year and most. The time period that serves as a basis for the comparison is called the base period and the period that is compared to the base period is called the given or current period. Index numbers, index numbers statistics, index numbers.

Current period the period for which you wish to find the index number. Shifting from one fixed base to another fixed base. An index starts in a given year, the base year, at an index number of 100. Decomposition of value aggregates into price and quantity components b. The preceding table shows that 1970 is the base period and 1980 is the year for which the price. It has the color index names, colour index numbers, chemical constitution, art material safety information msds sheets, and other useful information on painting and paint making. Difficulties in measuring changes in value of money 6. Can always go from a higher value in the table to a lower value.

In the previous paragraph, a price index was defined as a function or measure which summarizes the change in the prices of the n commodities in the value aggregate from situation 0 to situation 1. Introduction definition uses characteristics classification problems methods value index numbers chain base index fixed base index base conversion. While preparing the index number, first difficulty arises regarding the selection of base year. Now convert it into the new series with base year 1998. Consumer price index numbers for industrial workers cpiiw 2001100.